TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FOREWORD EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION    Why the review    Framework and setting for the review CHAPTER 2: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF NUTRITION IN TANZANIA: POLICY AND INSTITUTIONAL...    Introduction    Tanzania’s economic structure       The colonial economic heritage       Post-independence economic State interventions       Some disturbing features of the economy       Liberalization and Privatization       The impact of structural adjustment    Pattern in sectoral resource allocation       Institutional behaviour       Resource Allocation    Institutional involvement in nutrition relevant actions       The Household as an institution       The village/community as an institution       Ward Level       Divisional Level       District Level       Regional Level       National Level       Popular and Non-Governmental Institutions       International Organizations and donor role in nutrition    The sectoral definition of the nutrition problem    The use of nutrition information in policy and planning    The winners and losers of different policy decisions relevant to nutrition CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS OF THE NUTRITION SITUATION AND TRENDS IN TANZANIA    Introduction    Sources of information and reliability of data    The public health significance of malnutrition in Tanzania    Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM)       Nutritional status of children aged under five years       Nutritional status of school age children       Nutritional status of adolescents       Nutritional status of adults       Maternal malnutrition    Micronutrient Malnutrition       Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD)       Vitamin A deficiency (VAD)       Nutritional Anaemia       Fluorosis    Diet and nutrition related non-communicable diseases    Malnutrition and the Mortality pattern       Maternal mortality       Perinatal mortality       Infant and Under-five year child mortality CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENT PROBLEMS AND CAUSES RELATED TO NUTRITIONAL...    Introduction    Who are the malnourished?    The pattern of vulnerability in Tanzania CHAPTER 5: FOOD SECURITY    Introduction    Food security and nutritional status    Factors determining household food security    Tanzania’s potential for food production    Food crop versus cash crops    Food aid and food security    National self food-sufficiency    Regional food sufficiency    Post harvest food management (Industrial and Household level)    Food fortification    Economic and social accessibility to food    Adequacy of food intake    Food consumption patterns    The environment and food security    Conclusion CHAPTER 6: NUTRITION AND THE CONTROL OF DISEASES    Introduction    Malaria    Acute respiratory infections (ARI)    Diarrhoea and vomiting    Measles    HIV and AIDS    The Health Services       Systems for health care delivery       Health care facilities       Health care personnel       Accessibility to health care       Health care quality       Health financing       Health care in need of treatment CHAPTER 7: WOMEN'S CONTROL OF RESOURCES AND CARING CAPACITY    Introduction    Decision making and women's control of resources    Women's reproductive burden    Female literacy, decision making and child care    The empowerment of women    The social position of women    Caring capacity for women    Caring capacity for children    Caring capacity for the elderly    Caring capacity in difficult circumstances CHAPTER 8: NUTRITION RELEVANT POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES IN TANZANIA    Introduction    General policies to reduce economic inequalities    Household food security related policies and programmes    Public works for food security    Provision of Basic Social Services for All    Nutritional Interventions Through the Water and Sanitation Sector    Nutrition Education and Interventions Through the Educational System    Nutritional Interventions Through the Health Sector    Policies and programmes related to caring capacity    The Food and Nutrition Policy    Specific nutrition programmes of the eighties       The Iringa Joint WHO/UNICEF Nutrition Support Programme (JNSP)       The Child Survival and Development (CSD) Programmes       Nutrition surveillance and the development of Nutrition Information Systems...       Programmes for the Control of Micronutrient Malnutrition    Factors associated with success in the various programmes    Tanzania's Nutrition Goals for the 1990s CHAPTER 9: GENERAL CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS    Conclusions    Recommendations and some options for the 1990s REFERENCES ANNEX 1: THE ROLE OF TFNC AS A MAJOR NUTRITION INSTITUTE IN TANZANIA