Nutritional management of opportunistic infections of HIV/food safety
Amadi B et al. Improved nutritional
recovery on an elemental diet in Zambian children with persistent diarrhoea and
malnutrition. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2005, 51(1):5-10.
Persistent diarrhea-malnutrition syndrome remains a leading cause of
morbidity and mortality in children in resource limited setting hospitals. This
single randomized controlled trial compare 2 ways of feeding: exclusive diet of
amino-based feed and standard nutritional rehabilitation (skimmed milk and then
soya). Weight gain, recovery from diarrhea and mortality were the main outcomes.
The treatment was given for 4 weeks in the malnutrition ward in the University
Hospital in Lusaka. 196 severely malnourished children (106 HIV seropositive, 90
HIV Seronegative) were included for randomization. The amino-based feed group
seems to have gained more weight than the other group even if the energy intake
was lower. The benefit of the elemental diet was seen in both HIV seropositive
and HIV seronegative children. Diarrhea frequency and global recovery scores
improved equally in both treatment options, and mortality did not differ. It
seems that a diet with a reduced molecular complexity was associated with a
significant improved weight gain. However, the authors do not advise to adopt
elemental feeds for treatment of these children due to the cost of these
products. The authors call for research to establish whether locally available
food that have a reduced molecular complexity have the same beneficial effect.
Click here for the Pubmed summary.
Ambrus JL Sr, Ambrus JL Jr. Nutrition and infectious diseases in
developing countries and problems of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2004, 229(6):464-472.
Click here for the Pubmed summary.
Guarino A et al. Management of
gastrointestinal disorders in children with HIV infection. Paediatric Drugs,
2004, 6(6): 347-362.
Click here for the Pubmed summary.
NEW! USDA. Food Safety for People with
HIV/AIDS A need-to-know guide for those who have been diagnosed with HIV/AIDS.
United States Department of Agriculture, 2006.
Click here for the entire article.
Villamor E, Saathoff E, Mugusi F et al.
Wasting and body composition of adults with pulmonary tuberculosis in relation
to HIV-1 coinfection, socioeconomic status, and severity of tuberculosis.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2006, 60(2): 163-171.
This cross sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of HIV
infection, socioeconomic status and the severity of tuberculosis on body
composition and anthropometric status of adults with pulmonary tuberculosis.
The authors included 2231 Tanzanian adult women and men attending to five
clinics in Dar es Salaam and diagnosed with tuberculosis. They compared the
distribution of some anthropometric characteristics by HIV status,
socioeconomics status and indicators of tuberculosis severity. In a subsample
of 731 participants comparable analysis were performed with body composition
variables issued from bioelectrical impedance analysis. Multivariate analysis
was carried out and HIV infection was statistically associated with lower mid
upper arm circumference and arm muscle circumference among women and men.
HIV-infected participants had significant lower body cell mass, intracellular
water and phase angle compared to HIV-free participants. Albumin was also
significantly lower among women and men infected with HIV. HIV infection was
associated with indicators of low lean body mass in adults with tuberculosis.
Independently of HIV socioeconomic factors and tuberculosis severity appeared
as important correlates of wasting.
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Websites:
Food Safety for Persons with AIDS
This United States Department of Agriculture's website offers different
up-to-date fact sheets providing instructions on avoiding various food-related
infections.
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Fact_Sheets/Food_Safety_for_Persons_with_AIDS/index.asp
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United Nations System