List of Tables, Figures and Annexes

Table 1. Information Available on Total Refugee/Displaced Populations
Table 2. Summary of Origin and Location of Major Populations of Refugees, Returnees and Displaced People In Africa
Figure 1. Refugee and Displaced Populations
Figure 2. Trends in Total Refugee/Displaced Populations and Risk Categories
Figure 3. Trends in Populations Estimates and Risk Categories in Six Countries
Annex 1. Surveys Quoted
Annex 2. Seasonality

Table 1. Information Available on Total Refugee/Displaced Populations

(as of end September 1995)

Situation	Condition					Population #s		Nut Stat	Comments
	I: High Risk	IIa: High Risk	IIa: Mod. Risk	IIc: Not Critical	III: Unknown	Total	Change from Jul 95
Sub-Saharan Africa
1. Angola			1,400,000			1,400,000	0	imp	Pockets of malnutrition are likely to exist in accessible areas
2. Benin/Ghana/Togo				157,000		157,000	0	stat
3. Burkina Faso/Mauritania			41,000	33,000		74,000	13,000	imp	Nutritional status probably improving due to improved ration
4. Burundi/Rwanda Region	140,000	100,000	1,018,000	1,358,400	215,000	2,831,400	-336,500	stat	Decrease due largely to re-registration in Tanzania & repatriation and re-registration in Coma
5. Central Africa Republic				38,800		38,800	0	stat	Somewhat precarious situation due erratic rations & inadequate water supply
6. Djibouti				23,000		23,000	0	stat	Revised number of Somali refugees
7. Ethiopia	81,000		173,000	108,000	18,000	380,000	0	stat
8. Kenya			113,000	84,000		197,000	0	det	Nutritional situation appears to be deteriorating in Dadaab camps
9. Liberia Region	231,000	1,404,000	20,000	1,816,000		3,471,000	36,020	stat/d	Pockets of malnutrition exist in Liberia; deteriorating security & nutritional situation in Sierra Leone
10. Mauritania/Senegal				52,000		52,000	0	stat	Food assistance to be phased out by end 1995
11. Mozambique Region				600,000		600,000	440,000	imp	Total number is a planning figure for Mar95-Apr96. Pockets of malnutrition exist
12. Shaba, Zaire	60,000		340,000	200,000		600,000	0	det	Information from Mwene Ditu shows an alarming trend in levels of wasting
13. Somalia	138,000	462,000				600,000	0	det	The number of vulnerable people who are not displaced is probably far higher
14. Sudan			960,000	440,000		1,400,000	0	det	Logistic constraints in South, & closing camps near Khartoum, increase risk
15. Uganda			66,300	271,400		337,700	2,700	stat	Ikafe & Rhino camps ar risk due water/sanitation problems & elevated levels of wasting
16. Zaire (r)				104,700		104,700	0	stat
17. Zambia				12,700		12,700	0	stat
Total Sub-Saharan Africa	650,000	1,966,000	4,131,300	5.299,000	233,000	12,279,300	155,220
Asia (Selected Situations)
18. Afghanistan Region			790,000	2,700,000		3,490,000	'" 0 '	stat	Unknown number of displaced have returned home: Impact of returnees should be monitored
19. Bhutanese in Nepal	3,500		83,500			87,000	0	stat	Cases of beri beri, scurvy & anguair stomatitis seen
20. Bangladesh				52,000		52,000	-6,000	stat	Repatriation for these refugees is continuing
21. Southern Iraq		192,000		28,000		222,000	0	det	Those in Marshes considered at high risk

* Indicates status of nutritional situation. Imp = improving: det = deteriorating: stat - static (i.e. no change)

Table 2. Summary of Origin and Location of Major Populations of Refugees, Returnees and Displaced People In Africa

October 1995 · RNIS #12 (population estimates In thousands)
From	To/In
	Angola	Benin	Burkina Faso	Burundi	Cote d'Ivoire	Ethiopia	Ghana	Guinea	Kenya	Liberia	Mali	Mauritania	Mozambique	Rwanda	Sierra Leone	Somalia	Sudan	Tanzania	Togo	Uganda	Zaire	Zambia	TOTAL
Angola	1400																				41	10	1'451
Benin																							0
Burkina Faso																							0
Burundi				100														101			75		276
Cote d'Ivoire																							0
Ethiopia						11*			6								200*						217
Ghana																							0
Guinea																							0
Kenya						24																	24
Liberia					305		14	408		1'900													2'627
Mali			33									41											74
Mauritania																							0
Mozambique													600										600
Rwanda				215										725				528		6	1'081		2'555
Sierra Leone								128		100					730								958
Somalia						272			158							600							1'030
Sudan						55			33								1'200			324	50		1'662
Tanzania																							0
Togo		45					98																143
Uganda																					14		14
Zaire																				14	600	7	621
Zambia																							0
TOTAL	1'400	45	33	315	305	351	112	536	197	2'000	0	41	600	725	730	600	1'400	629	0	344	1'861	17	12'241

NOTES

(1) This chart is intended to include major population groups in Africa (i.e. over 100,000 people affected from country of origin)

(2) The breakdowns between the origins of the refugees in Guinea and Zambia are estimates

(3) Boxes on the diagonal (bold outline) show internally displaced populations (total =79 million)

(4) Numbers referred to in the text are usually by the country where the population is located (i.e. column totals).

For the regional situations of Burundi/Rwanda and Mozambique the description is by country of origin (i.e. row totals)

* These figures include an unknown number of Eritrean refugees

Figure 1. Refugee and Displaced Populations

Selected Areas In Africa (October 1995)

Figure 2. Trends in Total Refugee/Displaced Populations and Risk Categories

Africa: December 1993-October 1995

Figure 3. Trends in Populations Estimates and Risk Categories in Six Countries

A. Angola

B. Burundi/Rwanda Region

C. Liberia

D. Mozambique

E. Somalia

F: Sudan

Shaded areas indicate those at heightened nutritional risk (categories I and IIa in Table 1).

Annex 1. Surveys Quoted

Results of Surveys Quoted In October 1995 RNIS Report (#12)
	Survey Conducted by	Date	% Wasted*	% Severely Wasted*	Crude Mortality (/10.000/day)	Under 5 Mortality ((/10,000/day)	Measles Immunisation Coverage
1. Angola
a. Caconda. Huila Province	MSF-S	Aug.95	14.7	1.1
4. Burundi/Rwanda Region
a. Rwanda (national survey)	Mm of Health	May.95	9.7
b. Rwanda (prefecture)	MSF-S	May.95	2.9
c. Musuhura Hill Camp (Tanzania)	MSF-H	Jul.95	6.3	3.1
d. Hongo (Bukavu, Zaire)	UNHCR	Jul.95	5.2	1.6			92.4%
e. Kabira (Bukavu. Zaire)	UNHCR	Jul.95	2.8	0.2			94.0%
f. Kashusa (Bukavu. Zaire)	UNHCR	Jul.95	1.5	0.2			93.7%
g. Nyamirangwe (Bukavu. Zaire)	UNHCR	Jul.95	4.8	0.0			94.4%
h. Runingo (Uvira, Zaire)	UNHCR	Aug.95	21.6	12.3
i. Kajembo (Uvira, Zaire)	UNHCR	Aug.95	11.8	6.6
j. Luberizi (Uvia, Zaire)	UNHCR	Aug.95	10.7	3.8			61.1%
k. Kagunga (Uvira, Zaire)	UNHCR	Aug.95	6.1	2.0			47.8%
l. Rwenena (Uvira. Zaire)	UNHCR	Aug.95	6.5	1.8			55.7%
m. Kamanyola (Uvira. Zaire)	UNHCR	Aug.95	1.4	0.6			50.4%
n. Lubarika (Uvira, Zaire)	UNHCR	Aug.95	2.1	0.0			48.3%
o. Biriba (Uvira, Zaire)	UNHCR	Aug.95	2.7	2.2			37.1%
p. Luvungi (Uvira. Zaire)	UNHCR	Aug.95	9.1	2.1			62.5%
8. Kenya
a. Hagadera	MSF-B	Aug.95	12.1	2.4			87.7%
b. Ifo	MSF-B	Aug.95	12.1	4			89.6%
c. Dagahaley	MSF-B	Aug.95	9.8	1.5			82.8%
9. Liberia Region
a. Lower Bong. Upper Margbi (Liberia)	SCF	Jul.95	19.1	5.2(37.1%oedema)
b. Kenema Town (Sierra Leone)	MSF-H	Aug.95	21	7.7	2.4	5.6	69%
b. Kenema RTI Camp (Sierra Leone)	MSF-H	Aug.95	37	11.5	5.2	19	72.0%
d. Tabou Pref, refugees (Cote d'Ivoire)	CARITAS	Jul.95	8 (<80%)	2 (<70%)
e. Tabou Pref. residents (Cote d'Ivoire)	CARITAS	Jul.95	8.8 (<80%)	2.4 (<70%)
f. Foreccariah Pref (Guinea)	OXFAM	Aug.95	8.2	0.7			42.9%
11. Mozambique Region
a. Namapa, Nampula	WV	Jul.95	4.0	0.3
b. Namapa, Nampula	WV	Jul.95	4.3	1.6
c. Namapa. Nampula	WV	Aug.95	1.9	0.5
d. Magoe District, Tete	MSF-CIS	Aug.95	5.0	2.1
e. Chibabave, Sofala Province	MSF-CIS	Jul.95	3.3 (3rd%ile)
f. Nicoadala. Zambezia Province	WV	Jul.95	3.5 (<80%)
13. Somalia
a. Mogadishu (resident)	AICF	Jun.95	25.1	6.4			54.3%
b. Mogadishu (displaced)	AICF	Jun.95	26.3	5.4			54.3%
c. Kismayo (Town)	UNICEF"	Jul.95	17.8	2.7			97.9%
d. Kismayo (Displaced Camps)	UNICEF"	Jul.95	11.6	1.8			64.0%
15. Uganda
a. Ikafe	EPICENTRE	Apr.95	6.9	2.0	0.54	1.7	78.0%
b. Koboko	EPICENTRE	Jul.95	8.2	1.9	0.31	1.4	92.7%
c. Rhino	EPICENTRE	Jul.95	13.9	3.8	0.41	1.3	81.5%
18. Afghanistan Region
a. New Hadda Camp	MSF-H	Sep.95	11.1	1.5
b. Kandahar. Afghanistan (villages)	MERLIN	Jun.95	13.4			4.8
c. Kandahar, Afghanistan (city)	MERLIN	Jun.95	9.3			4.8
19. Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal
a. All 8 Camps	SCF/UNHCR	Jun.95	5.7	0.9		0.2	97.0%

*wt/ht unless specified: cut-off=n.s. means not specified but usually-2SD wt/ht for wasting and -3SD wt/ht for severe wasting

**AMREF-African Medical and Research Foundation III

***Jointly conducted by: UNICEF, MSF, World Concern. Muslim-Aid-UK and Somali Red Crescent Society

1. Angola

a. This survey was conducted by MSF-Spain in August 1995. No further details are currently available.

4. Burundi/Rwanda Region

a. This was a national survey carried out by the Ministry of Health in May 1995. A total of 1016 children (0-5 years old) were included in the survey. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2 z scores.

b. This survey was carried out in three communes in one district by MSF-Spain. A total of 1292 children 0-5 years old were included. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2 z scores.

c. This survey was carried out by MSF-Holland in Musuhura Hill Camp, Tanzania in July 1995. Systematic random sampling was used and children 65-110 cms were included. A total of 543 children were weighed and measured. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2z scores or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3z scores or oedema.

d-g. These surveys were carried out by UNHCR in Bukavu in July 1995. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2z scores and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3z scores. Oedema was measured separately.

h-k. These are preliminary results from four surveys carried out by UNHCR in Uvira in August 1995. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

l-p. These are results from five surveys carried out by UNHCR in Uvira in August 1995. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

8. Kenya

a. This survey was carried out by MSF-Belgium in August 1995 in Hagadera Camp. It was a two stage cluster sample survey that included 785 children 6-59 months old (or 65-110 cms in height) for a sample size of 785. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

b. This survey was carried out by MSF-Belgium in August 1995 in Ifo Camp. It was a two stage cluster sample survey that included 761 children 6-59 months old (or 65-110 cms in height) for a sample size of 785. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

c. This survey was carried out by MSF-Belgium in August 1995 in Dagahaley Camp. It was a two stage cluster sample survey that included 760 children 6-59 months old (or 65-110 cms in height) for a sample size of 785. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

9. Liberia Region

a. This survey was conducted by SCF at the end of July 1995 in Lower Bong/Upper Margibi Counties. A random weighted cluster sampling method was used and 769 children 65-110cms were included. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

b. This survey was conducted by MSF-Holland in Kenema Town in August 1995. 1071 children 6-59 months old were included in the survey. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

c. This survey was conducted by MSF-Holland in RTI Camp for displaced people outside of Kenema Town in August 1995. 330 children 6-59 months old were included in the survey. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

d. This cluster survey was carried out by CARITAS in July 1995 in Tabou Prefecture. 500 Liberian refugees 6-59 months old were included. Wasting was defined as <80% of the mean and severe wasting was defined as <70%. Oedema was measured separately.

e. This cluster survey was carried out by CARITAS in July 1995 in Tabou Prefecture. 499 local residents 6-59 months old were included. Wasting was defined as <80% of the mean and severe wasting was defined as <70%. Oedema was measured separately.

f. This survey was conducted by OXFAM in August 1995 in Foercahiah, Guinea. A systematic sampling procedure was used and 422 children 65-110 cms were included. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

11. Mozambique

a-b. These two surveys were conducted by World Vision in July 1995. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2z scores and severe wasting as <-3z scores.

c. This survey was conducted by World Vision in August 1995. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2z scores and severe wasting as <-3z scores.

d. This survey was carried out by MSF-CIS in August 1995 in Magoe District, Tete Province. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

e. This survey was conducted in July 1995 in Chibabave District, Sofala Province. Wasting was defined as weight/height less than the third percentile.

f. This survey was conducted by World Vision in July 1995 in Nicoadala District, Zambezia Province. Wasting was defined as weight/height <80% of the mean.

13. Somalia

a. This survey was conducted by AICF in June 1995 in Mogadishu. A two stage random cluster survey was carried out and 906 resident children 6-59 months old were included. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

b. This survey was conducted by AICF in June 1995 in Mogadishu. A two stage random cluster survey was carried out and 908 displaced children 6-59 months old were included. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

c. This survey was jointly conducted by UNICEF, MSF, World Concern, Muslim Aid-UK and the Somali Red Cross Society in July 1995. This was a random sample survey and the results are expressed for the resident population (n=622) and for the displaced population (n=735). Children less than or equal to 110cm were included. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

15. Uganda

a-c. These three surveys were conducted by EPICENTRE. They were cluster samples. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

18. Afghanistan

a. This survey was conducted by MSF-Holland in September 1995. 612 children were included. Wasting was defined as weight/height <-2sd or oedema and severe wasting was defined as weight/height <-3sd or oedema.

b. These surveys were conducted by MERLIN in June 1995. Results are expressed separately for the villages surrounding the towns and the city itself. A random sample of children 6-59 months was carried out. When age was uncertain, less than 115 cm was used as an approximation. Wasting was defined as <-2z scores and severe wasting was defined as <-3z scores.

19. Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal

a. This survey was jointly conducted by SCF and UNHCR in July 1995. It was a cross-sectional survey using a stratified sampling method. 330 children 6-60 months were included. Wasting was defined at weight/height <80% of the median and severe wasting was <70%.

Annex 2. Seasonality

Seasonality in Sub-Saharan Africa*
Country		Climate/Rainy Season/Harvest
Angola		Coastal area desert, SW semi-arid, rest of country: rains Sept-April
Burundi		Three crop seasons: Sept-Jan, Feb-Jun, and Jul-Aug
CAR		Rains March-Nov
Djibouti		Arid Climate
Ethiopia		Two rainy seasons February to May and June to October
Kenya		N-E is semi-arid to arid, Central and SW rains: March-May and Nov-Dec
Liberia		Rains March-Nov
Mozambique		Coast is semi-arid, rest wet-dry. Harvest May
Rwanda		Rains Feb-May with Aug harvest and Sept-Nov with Jan harvest
Sierra Leone		Rains March-Oct.
Somalia		Two seasons: April to August (harvest) and October to January/February (harvest)
Sudan		Rains April-Oct
	Northern	Rains begin May/June
	Southern	Rains begin March/April
Togo		Two rainy seasons in S, one in N. Harvest August
Uganda		Rains Mar-Oct
Zaire		Tropical climate. Harvest in N: November; in S January

*SOURCES:

FAO, "Food Supply Situation and Crop Prospects in Sub-Saharan Africa", Special Report; No 4/5, Dec. 90 plus various FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Missions.