Notes on nutritional assessments in the text
The Greater Horn Region
Ethiopia
Borana Zone The survey was conducted by Goal in March 2001. A standard two stage cluster survey was used to measure 954 children between 6 and 59 months in 30 clusters. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 Z scores weight for height and/ or oedema) was estimated at 4.6% (95% C.I. 3.3-6.3%) and no severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was observed. CMR was estimated retrospectively over the previous three months at 0.8/10,000/day and the under five mortality was 1.6/10,000/day. The measles vaccination coverage was not estimated.
Fafan IDP camp The survey was conducted by UNICEF in April 2001. A systematic random sampling methodology was used to measure 429 children between 65 and 110 cm. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 Z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 21.2% (95% C.I. 17.4-25.5%) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 3.3% (95% C.I. 1.8-5.6%). The under five mortality rate was estimated at 22.8/10,000/day but considerable care must be taken of the result and the author advises that considerable over reporting took place.
Goncha Siso Enese Woreda The survey was conducted by SCF-UK in June 2001. A standard two stage cluster survey was used to measure 905 children in 30 clusters. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 Z scores weight for height and/or oe-dema) was estimated at 8.5% (95% C.I. 6.3 -11.4%) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as < -3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 0.4% (95% C.I. 0.2-1.1%). CMR was estimated retrospectively over the previous three months at 0.59/10,000/ day and the under five mortality was 1.31/10,000/day. The measles vaccination coverage estimated from card was 4.2% and from carer report as 26.5%.
Kenya
Kakuma camp The survey was conducted by IRC/ UNHCR/ICH in April 2001. A two stage cluster survey methodology was used to measure 870 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 Z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 17.2% (95% C.I. 14.3-20.2%) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 1.4% (95% C.I. 0.5-2.2%). Measles vaccination coverage estimated from health card was 43.9% and 49.7% from mother / carer report.
Sudan
Twic county The survey was conducted by GOAL in February 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 960 children between the ages of 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 26% (95% C. I. 25.1-26%) including an estimated 2.4% (95% C.I. 2.4-2.4%) severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema). No oedema was discovered. CMR was estimated at 0.5/10,000/day and the under five mortality was 0.85/10,000/day with both being calculated retrospectively over 12 months. There was no data on mortality or vaccination coverage supplied.
North Darfur A meta analysis of 5 surveys conducted by SCF-UK between February and March 2001. The surveys all employed a two stage cluster methodology to measuring between 740 and 769 children between the ages of 6-59 months. The overall prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 23.4% (95% C.I. 21.8-25.0%) including severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) of 2.1% (95% C.I. 1.6 -2.6).. Measles vaccination coverage was 36.6% estimated by card. Mortality data was collected but the results considered to be too biased to report.
Old Fangak District, Upper Nile The survey was conducted by AAH-US in April 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 900 children between the ages of 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 20.4% (95% C.I. 16.8-24.6%) including severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) of 3.0% (95% C.I. 1.7 -5.2%). One child was discovered with oedema. Measles vaccination coverage was estimated as 4% with 1.2% verified by card and 2.8% from carer report.
Maraeng District, Upper Nile The survey was conducted by AAH-US in April 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 469 children between the ages of 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 21.3% (95% C.I. 16.3-27.4%) including severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) of 2.3% (95% C.I. 0.9-5.5%). No oe-dema was observed. Measles vaccination coverage was estimated as 0.9% from carer report alone.
Kuajok Payam The survey was conducted by MSF-B in May 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 452 children between the ages of 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/ or oedema) was estimated at 15.5% (95% C.I. 10.8 -20.2%) including severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) of 2.2% (95% C.I 0.3 -4.1%). Measles vaccination coverage was estimated as 17.7% with 3.1% from card and 14.6 from carer report.
Malualkon, Aweil East The survey was conducted by TEARFUND in June 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 895 children between the ages of 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 28.9% (95% C.I. 24.9-32-9%) including severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) of 5.5% (95% C.I 3.4-7.6%). Vaccination coverage and mortality were not reported.
West Africa Region
Sierra Leone
Kenema district rural The survey was conducted by Goal in February 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 917 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 5.2% (95% C.I 3.9 -6.9%) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was 1% (95% C.I 0.5-1.9%). This included 0.6% bilateral oedema. Measles vaccination coverage was estimated from vaccination cards at 49.3%. Under five mortality was estimated as 0.97/10,000/day and was retrospective over the past year.
Niawama IDP camp The survey was conducted by Goal in February 2001. A systematic random sampling methodology was used to measure 207 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 Z scores weight for height and/ or oedema) was estimated at 3.9% (95% C.I. 1.7-7.5%) and severe acute (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 1.5% (95% C. I. 0.3-4.2%). The under five mortality rate was estimated at 0.91/10,000/day. Measles vaccination coverage estimated from health card was 54.4% and 27.2% from mother / carer report.
The Great Lakes region
Burundi
Bubanza The survey was conducted by Children’s Aid Direct in March 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 909 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 8.6% (95% C. I. 7.5-9.7) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was 2.2% (95% C.I 1.1-3.3). This included 0.7% bilateral oe-dema. Measles vaccination coverage was estimated from vaccination cards and an interview with the child’s mother/carer and showed a rate of 81%. The CMR was estimated to be 0.8/10,000/day and the under five mortality was 5/10,000/day both being retrospective over the month preceding the survey.
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Masima and Kimbaseke The survey was conducted by SCF-UK in April 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 931 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 11% (95% C.I. 8.3 -14.3) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was 2% (95% C.I 1-3.9). This included 0.6% bilateral oedema. Measles vaccination coverage was estimated from vaccination cards and an interview with the child’s mother/ carer and showed a rate of 60% with only 1% from vaccination cards. The CMR was not calculated. The under five mortality was calculated as 0.77/10,000/day retrospective over the past twelve months.
Kalima town, Maniema The survey was conducted by Merlin in May 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 912 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/ or oedema) was estimated at 4.6% (95% C.I 3.1-6%) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was 0.9% (95% C.I 0.3-1.7%). This included 0.2% bilateral oedema. Measles vaccination coverage was estimated from vaccination cards at 22%. The CMR was estimated at 1.2/10,000/day and the under five mortality as 3.6/10,000/day both being retrospective over the past three months.
Uganda
Eastern Camps in Gulu The survey was conducted by ACF-US in March 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 900 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 6.7% (95% C. I 4.6-9.5%) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was 1% (95% C.I 0.3-2.6%). Measles vaccination coverage was estimated from vaccination cards at 20.3% and from mother / carer report at 52.8%. The under five mortality rate was estimated as 1.78/10,000/day and was retrospective over the past three months.
Western Camps in Gulu The survey was conducted by ACF-US in March 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 900 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 7.7% (95% C. I 5.4-10.7%) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was 1.8% (95% C.I 0.8-3.6%). Measles vaccination coverage was estimated from vaccination cards at 31.2% and from mother / carer report at 45.4%. The under five mortality rate was estimated as 2.27/10,000/day and was retrospective over the past three months.
Southern Africa
Angola
Ganda (displaced) The survey was conducted by ACH in May 2001 in camps in Ganda city. The survey employed an exhaustive sampling methodology to measure 1,116 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was 9.5% and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) 1.1%. This included 0.5% bilateral oedema. Measles vaccination coverage was estimated from vaccination cards and an interview with the child’s mother/carer and showed a rate of 46.6%. The CMR was estimated to be 01.28/10,000/day and the under five mortality was 3.11/10,000/day both being retrospective over three months.
Ganda (residents) The survey was conducted by ACH in the open resident population of Ganda that contains both displaced and non displaced, in March 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 899 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 10.1% (95% C.I. 7.5 -13.4) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/ or oedema) was 1.1% (95% C.0.6-2.1). This included 0.3% bilateral oedema. Measles vaccination coverage was estimated from vaccination cards and an interview with the child’s mother/carer and showed a rate of 57.2%. The CMR was estimated to be 1.4/10,000/day and the under five mortality was 2.1/10,000/day both being retrospective over three months.
Cuito Carnavale The survey was conducted by ACH in June 2001. The survey employed a two stage cluster methodology to measure 873 children between 6-59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 6.0% (95% C.I. 4-8.8) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was 1.9% (95% C.I 0.9-3.8). Measles vaccination coverage was estimated from vaccination cards and an interview with the child’s mother/ carer and showed a rate of 60.7%. The CMR was estimated to be 1.6/10,000/day and the under five mortality was 4.1/10,000/day both being retrospective over a three month period.
Afghanistan area
Afghanistan
Kohistan District, Faryab The survey was conducted by SCF-US in April 2001. A standard two stage cluster survey was used to measure 708 children in 30 clusters between 6 and 59 months. The prevalence of acute malnutrition (defined as <-2 Z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 7.0% (95% C.I. 5.0-9.0%) and severe acute malnutrition (defined as <-3 z scores weight for height and/or oedema) was estimated at 1.1% (95% C.I. 0.2-1.5%). CMR was estimated at 2.6/10,000/day and the under five mortality was 5.9/10,000/day. Immunisation coverage was not measured.
